The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the net early on.
However, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.